Let us first introduce you to CNC machines. The Computer Numerical Control (CNC) is a manufacturing machine that is used in industries to design complex shapes from a workpiece material according to the instruction added by programmers through different software.
All these functions are performed using different equipment elements. Below, we have explained them, so you know what you want when buying CNC machinery for sale.
Main Parts of CNC Machinery for Sale
If you have no prior experience with CNC machines, then here is a brief description of what parts it comprises and their function.
Input Device
These devices are used to input programs in the CNC machine. There are mainly three devices that can be used with this equipment, including:
- Magnetic tape reader
- Computer (using RS-232-C communication)
- Punch tape reader
Machine Control Unit (MCU)
This part of the machine performs all the controlling actions of CNC. The main functions it can perform include:
- Reading the coding instructions added to the machine and decoding it.
- Implementing interpolation to create axis-motion command.
- Feeding the axis motion command to the amplifier circuits to implement the axis mechanism.
- Implementing the auxiliary control functions.
Machine Tool
The CNC industrial machine tool comprises a spindle and slide table to control the speed and position. The machine table works in the X and Y-axis direction, and the spindle is controlled in the Z axis in an XYZ plane.
Driving System
This part of the CNC machine includes drive motors, amplifier circuits, and lead screws. The MCU gives the signal of speed and position of each axis to the amplifier circuits. These signals are then increased to activate the drive motor, which rotates the lead screw to position the slide table.
Feedback System
The transducers in the feedback/measuring system act like sensors that are used to monitor the position and speed of the cutting tool at any instant. This sensor sends a direct signal to MCU, where the control signals are generated to fix the speed and position errors (if any).
Display Unit
Lastly comes the display unit that shows the commands, programs, and other important data of the CNC machine.
Working of CNC Machine Tools
Now that you are aware of its different parts and function, it will be easier to know how it works to give you the final product with the preciseness you want. We have broken the work into five simple steps, which are as follows:
Step 1:
The first step is to add a part program in the Machine Control Unit (MCU).
Step 2:
All the processes will occur in the MCU, and then based on the instruction given through the program, it will give the motion commands and forward them to the driving system.
Step 3:
The drive system works on the instructions given by the MCU. This system will control the motion and speed of the machine tool.
Step 4:
In the next step, the feedback system will record the position and velocity measurements of the machine tool and send the feedback signals to MCU.
Step 5:
Then, the MCU will compare these signal measurements with the reference signals. If there are any errors, they will be corrected and then sent to the machine tool for the correct operation.
You can track all these commands and programs on the display unit at all times. This unit acts as the eye of the machine.
To better understand the working, you can also gather information from shops like Flint Machine that offers CNC machinery for sale or move on to the following section, where we answer some of the most common customer queries about the CNC machines.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What are the advantages of CNC machine?
The biggest benefit of CNC machines is that they produce quality products consistently. They are more precise and quicker in comparison to manual machines. Many industries, including medical, aerospace, or large-scale businesses, use this machine in their production process due to improved lead time and better efficiency.
- What CNC can produce?
CNC machine is used in manufacturing with various applications in multiple industries, including aerospace, construction, automotive, agriculture, and medical industry. With CNC, companies can produce surgical instruments, vehicle frames, gears, garden tools, and automobile engines.
- What are the features of a CNC machine?
The CNC machines come with various benefits for the manufacturing business, which includes:
- Flexibility and versatility
- Accuracy and precision
- Better efficiency
- Reduces the need for labor
- Achieve complex shapes
